Battery.



W. GARDIHER.

BATTERY.

nrzxunxor rmzn ru. 11. nos.

Patented 0015.26, 1909.

. @UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

I WILLIAM GARDINER, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. ASSIGNOB T0 AJAX BATTERY COMPANY,

OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

BATTERY.

Patented Oct. 26. i999.

To all idiom Lt may concern:

Be it known that I, Winer-u1 Gaumxizu, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicamo, in the county of Cook and State of I inois, have invented a new and useful Improvcment in Batteries, of which the following is a specification.

My invent-ion relates particularly to sec; ondary batteries, or storage batteries; and my primary object'. is to provide a battery of this character, which, for a lgiven weight, is capable of developing for a lon continued period au electric current of we l sustained elcctromotive force; the battery being at the same time very durable and of great longevity and capable of being manufactured at a reasonable cost.

The invention is illustrated in its pre ferred emlmdiment in the am-ompauyiug drawing, in whiche Figure l re u'cseuts a longitudinal vertical ser-tion of a iattery constructed in act-ordsnee with my invention, certain of the interuel parts being shown brokcnly; and Fig. 2, a transverse vertical section of the same.

In the illustration riven, A represents n cell or vessel preferably composed of lead containing a sufficient. :amount of antimony to give the desired strength; B, B, negative plates, or cathodes, inserted adjacent to the sidesof the cell and contacting therewith and. es uipped with terminals l1; C, a centrally located positive plate, or anode, provided with a terminal c; and D, D, perfor-ate instituting )lates confined' between the positive plate i) and the negative plates It, l. Before the )lates are inserted, there is in sorted into tlxe cell a U-slux )ed piece of rubber E, the web of which hes upon the bottom of the cell and the vertical members of which cover the inner faces of the ends of the cell. The web of the .member E is equipped with transverse ribs a nu which the p ales rest, thus providing room for any sediment which may collect at the bottom of the oeil.

Each of the eatlules B comprises a grid or skeleton plate b', preferably ctmqmsed of lead eoutaiiiing snlieieut antlmony to lend stillness thereto; a ilastie conquisitiou or paste Jilling the lnterstin-s oftlie grid' und comprising materials Iu|1iuufter set forth: and an envelop l," comprend of ierforato sheet lead and which rovers the sides In eaeh of the positive and negative polecomptuluds employed, I einploy molylaleuunl or eompminds thereof, such as molybdie. au-' hydrid (Moon), or molylxleuite, thatis the sulfur-et of molybdenum.

The composition of matter which forms a' part of the positive plate or anode is pref erably as follows: molyhdie anhydrid (Moth) 2 lbs., red lead (lb0,) 50 lbs..

litharge (popularly known as ,glnssqnakers litharge) dit). 48 lhs., mixed in paste with solution of sulfate of magnesio, hydrometer test; |000 (about 5 gallons).

'lhe conipositiou for the negative plates, or eathodesr` is preferably as follows: lampblaz-k )owdereel coke) 2 lhs., molybdic anhydrtl (Moth) 2 lbs., litharge (IbO), 60 lhs. iti-d lead (14.50,) 36 lbs., bisultd of mercury (HgSz) 5 ounces. Use same solution as above to mix in paste, first dissolving the bisuld of mercury in the solution.

Snlfuric acid may be employed in lieu'of the solutionof sulfate of mavnesil. for mix ing purposes, and muy also be employed in tho electrolyte when the battery is in oper- Solution of sulfate of magnesis il ation. preferabl employed as an electrolyte, however. t )t ier com iounds of molybdenum, for instance, molybd inolylnlennin, may be empio ed in lieu of the nolybdic anhydrd, thouu it is believed with not quite so good results. The proportions, of course, may be varied; and, while the use of the compounds as above set forth is reeonunemied,some of the ingredients may be omitted or replaced by other ingredients.

Experience has demonstl ated that my improved battery will operate-A` after charging, to furnish a much greater amount of electrical energy than can be obtained from the storafre batteries commonly on the market and 'nown toque. Moreover, the battery will operate continuously for a long period with a well sustained elwtromotivs force, is very durable, can be manufactured at l g A y 938,312

lmoderate cost, and is capable of being rccliarged a large number of times with very little de reciatioii.

The oregoing detailed description has been given for clem-ness of understanding only, and no undue limitation is to be understood therefrom.

It niiy be stated that the red lead (PbO,) rcferre to above, which forms the largest constituent of the paste, is commercially known as red lead. It is of about the consistency of flour and of reddish ci' orange color. The litliarge referred to, which is coninierciall so known, is of a yellowish color und o about the consistency of flour. It is understood to be more correctly known ls massicot. The "lass-makers litliarge, so

known commercio ly. because largely einployed by glass-iiiakers, is of a bright copper color and ranular in forni, thc small crystala being ike small rains of sand, but of a reddish tint, modifie by a yellowish shade, and closel approaching the color of bright cop t is not known that the chemical sym ls for these two latter materials. differ. Pimihly there are varying amounts of oxy- 'n present, and the mechanical state differs. ghe glass-makers litharge (probably roperly designated sini ly litliargc) contri utc-s a certain desirable iardncse and porosity to the plate, contributing to the standing up qualities of the active materials. The-nuire pulverulciit oxide take more ready part iu the, electmlytic action of the battery. The molybdic anhydrid contributes to the longevity of the battery and to the standing up qualities of the active mass. It is ptite expensive, aiid while preferably emp oyed in about the proportion set forth, where the tem of expense may be disregarded, an extensive series of tests have demonstrated that the proportions may be varied through a wide rango without loss of good results. It is understood that the* proportions of flans-makers litlnirgc (ltliarge) and popuarl :io-called, lithai'gc (niasmicot) may be usci in both plate compositions iiivarying pro rtions.

at I regard as new, and desire to secure by Lettere Patent, is-

1. A. secondary battery having an anode y with composition containing molybdenum formin n. part thereof, in combination with a cath e.

2. A secondary battery havinga cathode l formed with a composition containing molybf demini, iii combination with an anode. y 3. A secondary battery provided with an anode containing"molybdenum, in combination with a cathode containing molybdenum. 4. A secondary battery comprising an anode, in combination with a. cathode having a composition of a compound of molybdenum associated with a compound of lead. y 5. A secondarv battery coinprisin a catliodc in combination with an anode living a with a compound of lead.

A secondary battery comprisingfan anode iii combination with a cathode having a composition of matter whose ingredients include a compound of molybdenum, a coin- 7. A secondary battery comprisin a cat 0de in combination with an anode ving a ents a compound of molybdenum, a. cornponnd of lead, and a compound of sulfur. 8. A secondary battery having an anodel formed with a composition containing molybdic anhydrid 05100,) in combination with a cathode.

. 9. A secondary battery having a cathode formed with a composition containing molybdic anhydrid (5100,), in combination with an anode.

10. A secondary battery having an anode formed with a composition coiitaiiiiuifmol b dic aiiliydrid (.\lo() land lead oxidD(Pb), in combination with a cathode. v

Il. A secondary battery having a cathod formed with a com osition containing molybdic anhydrid (M05 bisullid of mercury (Hgl.

12. A secondary battery aving a cathode pound of lead and a compound of mercury,- in combination with an anode.

13. A secondary battery having an anode VILLIAM GARDIN'ER In presence 0fu Raum Sciiamn, K. M. Coiiuwau..

ypound of lead and a compoundof merca?.v

formed with a composition containing cai." bon, a compound of molybdenum, a com# composition of molybdenum in association v combination of iiiiittci' including as ingredi lead oxid (PbO) and formed with :i coigosition containing molyb# 

